Political Science Course Outline

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA COURSE lineation Kulliyyah Islamic Revealed Knowledge and human race experiences part semipolitical skill Programme bachelor of piece cognizances (Political Science) category Title insane asylum to Political Science break away grave PSCI 1010 Status Core Course direct 1 Credit Hours 3 relate Hours 3 Pre-requisites - (if any) Co-requisites - (if any) Course Izni Bazilah binti Abdul Razak Instructor(s) Semester Offered Every Semester Course Synopsis This course introduces students to the basic concepts and notions of policy-making acquaintance in the aras of policy-making theory, relative government, public administration and outside(a) relations. The topics willing be surveyed from the westbound perspectives their shortcomings evaluated and an Islamic preference conceptualization will be provided. compounding the two perspectives, it provides students a base for good studie s in the discipline. Course Objectives The objectives of this course are to serve as a propaedeutic study for students major(ip)ing in governmental acquaintance and as a general overview for students of former(a) concentration make students understand the nature and scope of semipolitical learning and how it affects citizenrys life directly and indirectly make students understand the reasons why political science should be studied by Muslims identify the themes and issues discussed in the areas of Political Theory, comparative Politics, Inter case Relations, and Public Administration and number the foundation of students in political science for future courses in the subject. discipline Outcomes By the end of the course, students will be competent to define politics and Political Science from both Islamic and Western perspectives secernate various sub-disciplines of Political Science, on with its almost basic concepts and the methods partd explain the varied qualitys of regimenal and political structures, institutions, processes, and perspectivesand their several(prenominal) historic evolution and functionsat the local, state, national and international level distinguish the Liberal-democratic, Islamic, Authoritarian, and positiveitarian political systems and their variants outline the keystone elements of various ideologies along with their critiques and Evaluate the roles of elites, masses and institutions in the governmental process. Instructional Content-based teaching Strategies Task-based teaching Course Assessment LO State weightage of each type Method of assessment % 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Quizzes 5 1, 2, 3, 4 Mid-Semester Exam 25 3, 4, 5, 6 Group Presentation 10 3, 4, 5, 6 Term Paper 20 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Final Examination 40 Total 100 Content Outlines Weeks Topics Task/recital 1 Introduction An overview of the course.Wh at is Politics, Manifestation Moten &038 Islam (2009) 3-22, 40-53. and transmission of Politics, Political, Power, Influence and Authority, Authority and legitimacy in Islam. Moral basis in politics. 2 Political Science Nature, Scope and information of the subject. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 23-39 The Evolution of Political Science Ancient, knightly Modern and Shively (2003) 2-15. Post-Modernism. 3 State and disposal features of an Islamic Political System. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 78-98, 131-157. Rauf (2002) 8-28. Shively (2003) 40-64. 4 Western Classification of Government Democracy vs. Dictatorship, unitary Moten &038 Islam (2009) 99-131. vs. Federal, and Parliamentary vs. Presidential Systems of Government Shively (2003) 169-197. Islamic evaluation. 5 Constitution, Constitutionalism. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 159-172. Shively (2003) 204-220. 6 Organs of government Executive (Khalifah), Legislature, (Majlis Moten &038 Islam (2009) al-Shura), J udiciary, (Qada). 173-212 232-255. 7 Bureaucracy, Major Features, Role, chair and Account readiness TransparencyMoten &038 Islam (2009) and Account skill Egovernment Military. 213-230. Shively (2003) 338-352. 8 Political Parties and party Systems Interest Group An Islamic Moten &038 Islam (2009) 314-345. Alternative. Shively (2003) 244-291. 9 Elections and Electoral Systems. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 346-362. Shively (2003) 223-241. 10 Civil Society, Human Rights and Moten &038 Islam (2009) 395-406. Islam. 11 Political Ideologies Moten &038 Islam (2009) 268-373. Conservatism, Liberalism, Shively (2003) 18-37. Socialism, Nationalism and Feminism. 12 International Relations. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 407-435. Shively (2003) 372-399. 13 International Organizations. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 436- 470. 14 Challenges Globalization, Environment, AIDS, and Terrorism. Moten &038 Islam (2009) 471-476. References Required Moten, A. R. &038 Is lam, S. S. (2009). Introduction to political science (3rd ed. ). Singapore Thomson. Recommended Baradat, L. P. (2003). Political ideologies Their origin and impact. revolutionary Jersey Prentice Hall. Crouch, H. 1996). Government and baseball club in Malaysia. Singapore Talisman. Danziger, J. N. (2001). Understanding the political world A comparative launching to political science. New York Longman. DeLue, S. M. (2001). Political thinking, political theory, and civil society. New York Longman. Esposito, J. L. (1996). Islam and democracy. New York Oxford University Press. Grigsby, E. (2002). Analyzing politics An introduction to political science. Belmont Wadsworth. Hofmann, M. (1997). Islam the alternative. Maryland Amana Publications. Mawdudi, A. A. (1998). Human rights in Islam. New Delhi Markazi Maktab Islami. Rauf, M. A. (2002). Concept of Islamic state.Kuala Lumpur YADIM. Shively, W. P. (2003). Power and choice An intr oduction to political science (8th ed. ). New York McGraw-Hill. Proposed Start date (Semester) Batch of Students Semester 3, 2005/2006 onwards to be touch Prepared by Checked by Approved by Dr. Mohd. Fuzi Omar Dr. Tunku Mohar Tunku Mokhtar Dr. Badri Najib Zubir (Course coordinator) (Head, Political Science Dept) (Dean, KIRKHS) Learning Outcomes Matrix PSCI 1010 Course Learning Outcomes Outcome 1 Outcome 2 Outcome 3 Outcome 4 Outcome 5 Outcome 6 Outcome 7 Outcome 8 Outcome 9 Outcome 10 Define politics and Political Science from both Islamic and Western perspectives. 3 2 3 2 1 3 Describe various sub-disciplines of Political Science, along with its most basic concepts and the methods procedured. 3 2 2 1 explain the different types of governmental and political structures, institutions, processes, and perspectivesand their respective historical evolution and functionsat the local, state, national and international level in the westward and Isl amic settings. 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 Distinguish the Liberal-democratic, Islamic, Authoritarian, and Totalitarian political systems and their variants. 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 Outline the key elements of various ideologies along with their critiques. 3 3 2 3 1 1 1 2 Evaluate the roles of elites, masses and institutions in the governmental process. 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 *1=addresses gist slightly, 2=moderately, 3=substantively The programme outcomes are 1. Knowledge = The ability to demonstrate familiarity with major concepts, theoretical perspective, empirical findings and historical trends in political science. 2.Practical Skills = The ability to understand and render basic research methods in political science, including research design, data analysis and recitation. 3. censorious Thinking The ability to acquire and use the scientific methods with their critical and creative approaches of problem-solving and decision-making skills. 4. communion = The ability to work and communicate in effect and sensitively with people from a divers(a) range of backgrounds and varying demographic characteristics. 5. womb-to-tomb learning= The ability to develop taste into their own and others behavioral, cognitive and spiritual processes and moderate effective strategies for lifelong self-management and self-improvement. 6.Social Responsibility The ability to understand and hold in political principles to socio-economic and organizational issues. 7. Ethics, autonomy, professionalism The ability to devote IIUM ethical guidelines in the design, data collection, analysis, interpretation and reporting of political research. . 8. Islamicisation The ability to use principles in the Quran and Sunnah to evaluate and apply modern political theories and approaches. 9. Integration The ability to integrate Islamic teaching in the theoretical, research and application of political principles in explaining and improving human behaviour. 10. Entrepreneurial Skills The ability to successf ully enter the job market.

Globalization of Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries Essay

Globalization of both the economy and the troupe has confronted the cosmea over the past decade. A shift of focus and interest from the topical anesthetic merchandise to the international setting has demanded establishment non just in incorporate leadership as new training forms of confabulation and technology argon organism offered to be utilized in support and reinforcing interaction among individuals. Fewer trade barriers and precious technological advances induct accelerated the step of ball-shapedization.The advances in communication technology hasten it easier to enter the international commercialize through the efficient commercialiseing and advertizing strategies that a number of international origin brasss enthrone in by utilizing the assistants provided by the Worldwide Web. Electronic data communication (EDC) facilitates the exchange of data at formidable speeds it sorts and integrates data with other(a) information uncommitted to the recipients ( wrinklees, banks, capital grocerys) from other sources.Individual countries and trading and currency blocs alike view the fast-moving e-business sphere as having a direct opposition on the countries and blocs warlikeness in the global securities industry. Increased market competition identifies unbroken adjustment and improvement in the payoff lines of countries to recognize the battle of smaller business units. The free flow of goods and run, the establishment of surgical procedure trade blocs like the European Union, much favorable regulations for foreign direct investment, and e-commerce atomic number 18 now major f preyures of the global market.The adit of the new division of international undertaking calls for evaluation and reorganization of the business operations as well as a reassessment of the current technological practices. The burnt umber Lovers, Cakes and Pastries Indus discover in FRANCE Royle and Towers (2002) note that the coffee berry Lovers, Cake s and Pastries industry has now extended end-to-end the world, expanding in FRANCE and other European countries, bakeshops are often considered as a symptomatic of the new global culture.These bakeshops are illustrated as informal, urinate uniform service to anyone disregarding of social status and focuses on bountiful quick-service to its customers. The industry grew out of a ethnical philosophy that greatly determine devotion more than than propriety, staple fiberally more than traditions of benignant living and democratic consensus over status-based divisions. Firms inside the umber Lovers, Cakes and Pastries industry fall into the house of a competitive market structure. check to Lipset (1991), the competitiveness of a market refers to the period to which individual firms have the control or tycoon to influence market prices or the term on which their products are sold. It essential be noted that the less power an individual firm has to influence the market in whi ch it sells its products, the more competitive the market is (Lipset, 1991).In the recent years, the integration of strategical planning and functional market has been possibly the most relevant development in the field of merchandise management as marketing managers have all the more realized that tactical marketing decisions mustiness be made deep down a wider strategic framework. Marketing Mix (4Ps) production Products that Cakes and Cookies are offering locoweed be improved and expanded. For example they can chip in more cakes that suit the discernment and demand of their consumers in FRANCE.Cakes and Cookies should not limit their products jibe to the old time customers in the U. S. post Decisions involving the place/ diffusion are besides crucial in meeting the necessitate of the score market. There are many another(prenominal) movers to consider such as the alternative of location where the product volition be sold to the consumers, and the various line age distri stillion required to bring the product in the target market.Elements of distribution broadcast intromit the packaging, storage facilities, transportation, and the members of the channel itself. Cakes and Cookies should make their customized packages and boxes for their burnt umber Lovers, Cakes and Pastries and this should be appropriate according to the taste of the FRANCE consumers. It is always relevant to choose a channel pattern that is suitable for the target market needs. PriceAmong other eventors considered in pricing are the needs of the market, the appeal twisting, the effect on margins and the value offered at a minimum for the consumer without the price abridge hitting the bon ton image. It is not move therefore, that Cakes and Cookies entry price strategy became a model in starting business in the area. Finally, it is interesting to note that in FRANCE have consistently agreed with Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries pricing strategy for many years. This shows that consumers impart their loyalty as long as the price is right and fair.Promotions Today, personal selling, gross revenue promotions, in the forms of souvenirs, and point-of-purchase displays (POP), publicity through non-paid unveiling of the product to the target market (feature articles and spare news coverage), and public relations (established crosstie with the stake find outers) were utilized by Cakes and Cookies Similarly, TV and piano tuner advertising are serious carry to promote Cakes and Cookies Usually, efficient television and radio advertising involves a good origin punch line, introduceation of the competitors product (brand must not be mentioned) and its weakness, testimony of experts or renowned personalities/authorities, and in some cases, use of famous exposure actors and actress in any case helps. Further, the existence of Internet and the act revolution in the world of breeding Technology are certainly imperative signs for the blos soming of many new advertising opportunities. For instance, pop-up ads and email ads have started to invade the Internet. close advertising firms have also started to observe efforts to make their advertisements pulling to the public (Chow and Holden, 1997). Segment, hindquarters and Positioning of the ProductOf all the components of a marketing plan, perhaps the most overlooked but most critical instalment is the definition of the target market. According to Lovelock and new-made (2000), it is a homogenous group of community or organizations that a company wishes to appeal to. There are two basic targets for a product or service the substance abuser and the non-user segments. Thus, there are also two business and marketing decisions that the company must decide upon in watery of the basic targets. The first is to cultivate the present market alone while the sec is to go after non-users. The former can inspire consumer loyalty which is an important factor in the survival o f any business.In the case of Cakes and Cookies, they should categorize their target market into two market segments (1) the Cakes and Cookies patrons or those who have already tried the product, and (2) the Cakes and Cookies non-consumers. The Cakes and Cookies consumers further categorize into (a) males and (b) females in order to differentiate the market appeal and competitiveness of the offered products in terms of sex as well as the specific consumers for specific types of Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries. in order to determine the competitiveness of apiece product per se. the Cakes and Cookies non- consumers, on the other hand, are further grouped into (a) those who do not eat Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries in general, and (b) those who eat other Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries.These market partitioning schemes according to product use go forth provide important information regarding the overall competitiveness of Cakes and Cookies products as well as viabi lity and opportunities for encouraging sweeteners non-users to not just try any other average sweeteners but to choose Cakes and Cookies products among others. Moreover, companies now face the contest of do its target consumers respond whence to their marketing efforts and those who understand its consumers responses will have a great competitive returns (Kotler & Armstrong, 2001). In this light, Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries should corroborate in mind the differences that are obvious between and among other bakeshops target market based on different ethnic backgrounds which significantly affect the powerfulness of the campaign.The fact is, there may be ideas that will not be applicable across the diverse target market population. Studies on the relationship of consumer behavior and their personal values and cultural orientation as well as their beliefs on certain principles, the dispositions they hold and side they take on political, sex and social problems and issues will be in like manner duly accounted. Positioning The changing world has then placed much tenseness on the importance of communication for effective marketing. All types of communication are involved in marketing communications, including literature, training, advertising, mail, telephone, product promotions and other contact relevant to marketing communication.Among the channel members, even follow-up on complaints as well as customer billing may be included within the communication loop. In order to effectively serve the marketing channel, correct measure and accuracy in communications is essential. Moreover, it is important for the company to recognize that all members of the channel have an obligation or important role in maintaining the efficacy of marketing communications. Organizations that capitalize on customers active participation in organizational activities can strike competitive advantage through great sales volume, heighten operating efficiencies, cor roborative word-of-mouth publicity, reduced marketing expenses, and enhanced customer loyalty (Lovelock & Young, 1979). passage communications works in a two-way system wherein information transfers to the user and bounces all the way back to the manufacturing business (Goldberg & McCalley, 1992). In other words, marketing communications works like a feedback system, which allows company producers to relay information to the customers. In response to the provided information, consumers give certain reactions or behaviors. In this light, the electronic transformation of the services offered by Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries will termination to divulge and more efficient and effective customer service system to the clientele. Moreover, the functionality of the online vena portae for the marketing and advertising needs of the substance will most possibly depart to increase customer reach, satisfaction take aim and return of investment.Furthermore, if consumers somehow become better customers that is, more knowledgeable, participative, or productive the shade of the service experience will likely be enhanced for the customer and the organization (Bowers, Martin & Luker, 1990). Finally, some of the ways that companies acquired toll advantages are by improving member efficiencies, gaining unique access to a bad source of lower cost materials, making optimal outsourcing and vertical integration decisions, or avoiding some costs altogether. If competing firms are futile to lower their costs by a similar amount, the firm will be able to sustain a competitive advantage based on cost leadership.

Alcohol Abuse Among Teenagers Essay

Its very raise that I find myself writing close something that not wholly is commonsense, that what is more, something that either one lie withs ab come on in worldwide but may not in particular. Alcohol utilize among puerilers is a serious problem and is responsible for dying and stain in automobile accidents, physical and stirred disability, deterioration of faculty member performances, aggressive bearing that crusades a number of an opposite(prenominal)(a) sociological problems in families and among friends. It is in any case the elementary ca character of criminal demeanour and a prima(p) micturate of broken marri shape ups.As we know its a broad composition therefore Ill look at the role that deluge beverageic drink wagers in the auberge and its impact on teenage addiction. MATTER OF CONCERN (Ca wonts and effects) The age when modern people be taking their set-back drink is becoming lower each year. Many studies show that preteens atomic number 1 8 experimenting with inebriant and many are already glowering drinkers (Cahalan 1997). It may be difficult for parents and teachers to recall that a seventh grade educatee can have an inebriant problem, but a study of student imbibition practices shows that 5% of seventh-grade boys and 4.4% of seventh-grade girls are hard abusing alcohol (Royce 1996). Thats why we ascertain the consequences in terms of anti mixer behavior, prepare failure, attention deficit, learning disabilities and road accidents among the teenagers. THE main CAUSE ?.. MEDIA. Despite the problems caused to young and sometime(a) by alcohol, familiarity sends mixed signals to its youth. Media presents alcohol swallow with peers as not alone acceptable but also to compensate friendship and as a romantic beverage. Movies present a realistic shot of alcohol abuse.A report by scientific analysis corporation examined insobriety practices on television and found that out of 225 courses 701 alcoholic swallow acts were recorded which were against the self-imposed code (Jean Lennane,1995) of the liquor indus endeavour. The code states that a) whatever actor shown intoxication must be over the age sixty. a) Any drinking shown should be natural, sensible and responsible. a) Ads should not indicate that drinking alcohol contributes toward social, versed or defying success or as being a pre-requisite of relaxation. a) Ads should not gainsay or dare people to bolt down alcohol.We can see the ads any dark and judge rather how many dupet breach the voluntary code. AVAIBILITY AND acceptability A leading cause is that alcoholic drinks can be easily obtained and these are socially more acceptable than other drugs. Parents, teenagers and educators often fail to realize the likely for problems that alcohol presents to the immature psyche and ashes(Kay Healey, 1997). At the time when body and emotions are maturing, shop or excessive use of alcohol can cause irrapareable damage. MI SCONCEPTION Drinking alcohol is only dioramaed as an adult behavior in the society.Alcoholic beverages are advertize and marketed as being associated with sexuality and romance, but, infact alcohol is a depressant which decreases overall sexual performance and dulls pleasurable feelings. (Kay Healey,1997) FAMILY FACTORS Parental perspective and behavior regarding alcohol use play essential role in how their children view its use. Evidence exists that a family narrative of antisocial and poor parenting increases the risk of having children who use alcohol and other drugs. The home is the primary source of alcohol for the young adolescent. teenage DEVELOPMENT Teenagers report that they drink for enjoyment, to occlude problems or to reduce stress and disquiet in their lives. Teenagers, however are at increased risk of becoming stimulate patch drinking less than adults because of their peculiar(a) experience with alcohol and smaller body size. Depressed or those teenagers who have been physically or sexually abused may use alcohol in an attempt to cope with their psychological distress rummy DRIVING Inexperienced driving have with inexperienced drinking is a virulent combination .A report from theme Centre For Health Statistics shows that motor fomite accidents are the leading cause of death among persons Between 15-23 years of age. Although they may take the recompense to drive, but, of course no right to put the others in danger while accidents. OTHER EFFECTS Underage drinking has countless effects and therefore, its unrealistic to take all of them into account. Research shows that of those who began drinking at the age of 18,66% subsequently are classified with alcohol dependence and 7. 8% with alcohol abuse. If a person waits until the age of 21 before taking their source drink, these risks decreases by 60%.(Grant 103) Alcohol use can affect teenagers health, family relationships and can also place other members of the society in danger. It ha s a tendency to lower the productivity and the quality of work being through and can cause problems in two ones school and career. scotch costs are also an passing when it comes to underage drinking. IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM Identifying the teenager alcohol abuser is difficult but not impossible. Specific behavior and characteristics to watch for to finalise if alcohol abuse is occurring include the following(a) a) frequent absenteeism. b) decline in academic performance.c) neediness of interest in outside activities d) problems with peers e) self destructive behavior f) lack of energy g) lack of concern active personal wellbeing. h) obvious signs of intoxication closing curtain Alcohol abuse among teenagers and even younger children is a rapidly growing social problem. Alcohol is glamorized in movies and television. Beer commercials using sports figures try to convince teenagers. As a society we send mixed signals to our youth astir(predicate) alcohol use, on the one ho ld we talk about it, joke about it, and treat it as not only acceptable but also desirable.On the other hand we recognize the problems caused by alcohol abuse. Death and injuries in work accidents, loss of productivity, child abuse, broken homes and other serious societal problems linked to alcohol. improve In my suggestion, an intensive education program supported by the community with suffice persons and also supported by the regimen in terms of financial support can positively change the attitudes and cause significant change in acquaintance about alcohol. Schools can play an important role to initiate education and snag efforts because they reach more students than any other place.It also involves complete commitment with extended planning.REFERENCES Grant 1996,adolescent drug abuse, vol 76, pgg 84,85. Cahalan 1997, underage use and abuse of alcohol, pg 87 Royce 1996, alcohol,the national hangover, pg 44 Jean Lennane 1995, alcohol, pg 56 Alcohol, the facts, 1997, Aus tralian establishment publishing service,pg148 Key Healey, 1997,Alcohol, The facts, pg 176 ADDITIONAL READINGS fuss T. L. , 1996 , Statistics on alcohol use,gale research inc. Alcoholism, 1998,vol 64, Neil kessel and total heat Walton.

Richard Nixon and Supreme Court

Chapter 281. Which artless did NOT get under ones skin politically control direct by the Soviet spousal dealinghip after military mortalnel war II? *Yugoslavia*2. The Soviet Union beginning(a) learned of the the Statesn atomic bomb how? *through the use of espionage*3. The Baruch int abrogate would do what?4. George Kennans containment insurance policy proposed what? *the Statesn sharp-sightedness regarding Soviet expansionist tendencies. *5. George Kennan believed firmly that unusual policy should be left to whom?6. The Truman principle stated that American policy would be what?7. The Marshall project proposed what?8. Overall, did the Marshall Plan work?9. The trades union Atlantic accord Organization was a de break outure for America in what way?10. Who were the members of NATO?11. NATO had what effect on the USSR?12. The main Soviet response to containment was demonstrate by what?13. When the Soviet Union sloshed off the city of Berlin in 1948, hot seat Harry Truman did what?14. The National credential come of 1947 established what?15. The strangleage of the National Security take on in 1947 did what to the military?16. As a extend of Cold state of war military reforms, the dominant branch of the American armed forces became the 17. The defense policy pedagogy known as NSC-68 advocated what?18. One of Chiang Kai-sheks biggest problems by 1945 was inflation, which had risen to ________ percentage per year.19. During the Korean warfare, common Douglas MacArthur bendions could be described how?20. In the Korean War, the Chinese threatened a coarse invasion of Korea if the join States did what?21. In the net analysis, the near(prenominal) significant result of the Korean War was what?22. A major political consequence of the Cold War was what?23. When carnal knowledge voted to end wartime price controls, prices rose ________ percent in two years.24. The attracter of the Dixiecrats in the option of 1948 was25. The most famo us divine revelation of espionage activities in the U. S. government in the lately 1940s involved the case of what person?26. What happened to Julius and Ethel Rosenberg ?27. The leading figure of the Red excite of the early mid-fifties wasChapter 291. The individual who invented the notion of mass construction of suburban homes was2. The most significant social trend in the postwar era in America was3. What were the stimuli to American economic growth in the late 1940s and early fifties?4. Critical to life in the suburbs in the 1950s was what?5. In 1946, Dr. Benjamin Spock wrote a bestselling book on what?6. Between 1940 and 1960, American wives were more and more doing what?7. Peoples attitudes toward organized religion in the 1950s was what?8. A major increase in federal funding for education was passed in response to what?9. The beats were what?10. The tone for the so-called beat accomplishment was set by the novelist was who?11. The artistic replica of beat social prot est books was what?12. By 1960, the most racially structured institution in American rescript was what?13. The first president to attempt staidly to alter the historic pattern of racial discrimination in the linked States was who?14. Who was Earl rabbit warren?15. The NAACP lawyer who argued the Brown v. Board of class line decision before the Supreme address was who?16. In Brown v. Board of pedagogics of Topeka, the Supreme address ruled that teach segregation what?17. The Deep South responded to court-ordered integration how?18. The Arkansas governor who defied U. S. Supreme tourist court orders to integrate public schools was who?19. prexy Eisenhower had to ravish in federal troops in 1957 to enforce the desegregation of the public schools in what city?20. Rosa Parks started what?21. The capital of Alabama bus boycott led to what?22. Martin Luther King, younger s philosophy of protest accented what?23. ballparksboro, North Carolina, was the site of what?24. The ba by smack led to a ______increase in the U. S. state among 1950 and 1960.25. _______ became a normal part of suburban life during the 1950s.26. Were The Supreme motor hotel decisions declaring segregation illegal readily original by most Americans in the 1950s?Chapter 301. Critical to John F. Kennedys victory in the election of 1960 was his what?2. John F. Kennedys domestic curriculum was known as the3. The Soviet drawing card with whom both Dwight Eisenhower and John Kennedy had to deal was who?4. on a lower floor John F. Kennedy, the United States government did what with the Vietnam war?5. The ________ was Kennedys most obvious foreign policy disaster.6. What were the consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis?7. John F. Kennedy vie down civil rights legislation because why?8. When President Johnson managed to get Congress to pass Kennedys proposed tax cut in 1964, the result was what?9. Lyndon Johnsons main theme in the election of 1964 was what?10. The civil Rights Act of 1964 did what?11. The ________ established the refer Employment Opportunity Commission.12. Lyndon Johnsons domestic program was called what?13. In the election of 1964, President Lyndon Johnson comfortably defeated who?14. In his program of health care, President Lyndon Johnson secured passage of what?15. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 did what?16. Was The foreign policy of Lyndon Johnson unique?17. In 1965, President Lyndon Johnson sent American soldiers to ________ in order to prevent a communist takeover there.18. American bombing of North Vietnam was successful or not?19. In general, American tactics in the Vietnam War were successful or not?20. Civil rights leader ________ advocated black power. 21. Cesar Chavez is known for what?22. For the United States, the turning point of the Vietnam War was called what?23. major(ip) race riots swept s eeral American cities when?Chapter 311. What was the main focus of the Nixon presidency?2. Who served as Nixons interior(a) security a dviser during his first term?3. Nixons program to improve transaction with the Soviet Union was known as what?4. Why did the United States resume relations with China?5. The brininess treaties involved what?6. The SALT I agreements did what?7. The Arab oil boycott of 1973-1974 was precipitated by what?8. The international oil organization most responsible for raising petroleum prices in the 1970s was9. In the spring of 1980, the thrill rate reached ________ percent.10. The first president to identify a woman to the Supreme Court was who?11. What is unique about Gerald Ford ?12. To end criticism of the CIA, Gerald Ford appointed ________ to crack the agency.13. President Gerald Fords brief honeymoon with the American public ended when he did what?14. In the election of 1976, Jimmy Carter defeated who?15. The tenting David Accords provided a framework for peace negotiations between ?16. In 1979, revolutionaries in ________ took U. S. diplomats hostage.17. The Cold War remained d ormant throughout the 1970s until what happened?18. The primeval tenet of Reagans approach to foreign policy was what belief?19. In 1979, the Sandinista Coalition succeeded in overthrowing the repressive Somoza government in what agricultural?20. The Reagan administrations policies in the Middle East and interchange America reached a tragic product when?21. In 1984, ________ became the first woman ever nominated for the vice presidency by a major party.22. Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachevs impudent policies includeChapter 321. The only significant pick of social legislation to be enacted in the first Bush administration was what act?2. Instead of reducing the deficit by $500 billion, the 1990 budget agreement had led to an increase of more than ________ in the national debt during Bushs presidency.3. In 1989, popular demonstrations calling for elective reform were violently suppressed in what aimry?4. In 1989, communist regimes toppled (collapsed) in what countries?5. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the new leader of Russia was who?6. The U. S. allied military scarper against Iraq in 1991 was known as carrying out ______.7. What important shift occurred in American society during the 1980s?8. By 2002, ________ had become the nations largest ethnic minority.9. ________ made up the rapid growing ethnic group at the beginning of the twenty-first century.10. ________ ran for president in 1992 and 1996 as a third-party candidate.11. President Clintons great achievement in domestic personal caper was what?12. honker Clinton was impeached for what?13. The consumer advocate who ran as the Green Party candidate for president in 2000 was who?14. The outcome of the 2000 presidential election hung on legal battles over the vote count in what state?15. The largest of several business scandals in the early 2000s was the collapse of what troupe?16. Osama bin Laden is most well-nigh associated with what little terror group?17. The first behave in the war on terror was the overthrow of a radical Islamist regime in what country?18. The terrorist attacks on the United States led the George W. Bush administration to drill a new global dodging known to its critics as what?19. In 2002, President Bush called Iraq, Iran, and North Korea the what?20. The second Persian Gulf War ended with the U. S. arrogate of what place?21. Issues facing the nation in the early twenty-first century included what?22. What is the correct chronological sequence of fresh presidential administrations?23. confessedly or false, In the White House, Bill Clinton proved to be the most adept politician since Franklin D. Roosevelt.24. True or false, One failure of Bill Clintons first presidential term was his end for national health

Natural Disaster and the Retail Business Owner Essay

hazard and the Retail Business Owner pictorial Disaster and the Business Owner citizenry make difficult margininations in stage business sector everyday. People that make these decisions have to tolerate by them. The situation in this assignment, speechmaking of hurricane Katrina, I have mixed feelings on the business owner Brian decision. From a psyche on the outside looking in perspective, I felt he was misemploy for raising the prices of the hotel rooms. But in reality, I had to put myself in the shoes of the business owner. In this situation I confide Brian should not establish Lillys strain back.It was Lillys decision to quit her tune because she felt that Brian choice to brace the prices was wrong. collectable to Brian being the owner of the motel it was his prerogative to farm the grade. Lilly told Brian if he was liberation to raise the place then she would quit. I think Brians response by telltale(a) her by telling her to do what you have to do was more than fair. I felt Lily disrespected Brian telling him she quit and hanging up on him. That helps support my decision to not give her job back. Also, what happens when Brian makes a decision she doesnt like? What says she wont reply and quit again?If I experience these terms correctly, I fell Lily travel under Deontology. She spoke her mind because it her decisions to do so and it was her right to do so and it was not for the greater good. I conceive Brian falls in the category of Deontological morality as well. It was his right to raise the rate of his motel rooms. It was also his right to le Lilly go if she didnt agree with his decision. Hurricane Katrina was a undefiled opportunity to make money of a natural disaster. Many businesses took the opportunity to raise prices to profit of natural disasters. The decisions to profit mutilate natural disaster are not happiness based.These higher prices will scratch the hurricane victims. If Brians decision was to lower pass judgm ent to accommodate hurricane victims, he would be bombarded with customers and some likely lose money. This would cause unhappiness to the business owner and happiness to the customer. I believe Lilly did not support her decision because if she did she would have not reapplied for the job. Brian did raise the rates regardless of Lilys argument and scourge to quit. So why did she quit if she was going to try to get her job back. References https//cdad. trident. edu/CourseHomeModule. aspx? run for=17&ampterm=110&amp faculty=1&amp scallywag=bkg

'Curriculum Evaluation Essay\r'

'The report ac distinguishledge a disablement of performance in reading, langu shape up and arithmetic due to poor observeingal methods, fully grown class sizes, and myopic supervision presidential Commission to measure Philippine in silenceing (PCSPE) 1. Analyze performance of the teachingal system and its relevance to national cultureal goals 2. go through the efficiency of the system\r\n3. Identify atomic number 18as which motive more detailed investigation.\r\n4. The report let ind findings on :\r\na. Mismatch in the midst of educational service and manpower requirements b. Mismatch between education priorities and the national ontogeny priorities c. unfair distri unlession of educational facilities and resources across the regions d. wishing of systematic planning and paygrade\r\n conform to OF OUTCOMES OF ELEM EDUCATION (SOUTELE)\r\n1. Battery of achievement tests normaled to beat the out mothers of primary(a) education 2. planetary mental ability test of non-verbal lineament designed to measure association 3. student’s attitude inventory aimed to measure affective objectives 4. Questionnaires in order to ca-ca the profiles of pupils, teachers, school heads, etc. 5. The study revealed deficiencies of elementary education in terms of inputs (resources), processes ( computer program and instruction), and outputs (students’ achievement). These ar affected by socio economic, school types, timbre of teaching. The Ho lend oneselfhold and School Matching Survey (HSMS)\r\n1. The survey hypothesized that learning is predicated on the ascendent academic, social, physiological variables. 2. The findings of the investigation showed that home- connect and community cerebrate variables have greater influences on learning than school related factors such as cost per pupil and numbers of textbooks per students. The congressional Commission on Education believe (EDCOM)\r\n1. Enhancing the innate capability of the system to satisfactorily implement the constitutional provisions on education 2. Providing the system with necessary pecuniary and somewhat other infrastructure support 3. strengthen the system’s linkages with all sectors pertain in human resource teaching 4. Assisting the system to achieve its sectoral goals and targets through strategies that argon consistent with the nation’s development goals. The National rating and Impact cogitation of PRODED\r\n1. Teacher factor is crucial in the success of the teaching-learning process 2. There is a need to improve the pre-service and in-service training of teachers that should intromit the development of skills in classroom management, teacher-pupil interaction, and the habituate of instructional aids, etc. Monitoring and evaluation of RBEC\r\n1. Defines what takes of learning students of schools and divisions meet\r\nat confused stages of the staple fiber education cycle establish on the national course of instruction. 2. Setting of tokenish national standards for capabilities, structures, processes and output establish on a template for school receipts processes from planning to implementation to monitoring and evaluation 3. Nationally standardized student assessment, out derives standard and reporting of staple school statistics presidential Commission on Educational refine (PCER)\r\n1. Created through E.O. in 1988 to define a budget feasible class of reform, and nonice executive priority policy recommendations and items for a legislative agenda on education. 2. Comprised of multi sectoral theme\r\n3. Proposed the establishment of National Education Evaluation and Testing System (NEETS) that assumes responsibility for educational assessment of all levels, including technical and skills development\r\nCURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUES\r\nBILINGUAL EDUCATION\r\n1. expression 14, sect 7 of 1987 constitution †â€Å"for the purposes of confabulation and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines be Filipino and until differently provided by law, English.” 2. DECS Order 52, s. 1987 †the policy of multilingual education aims to crystallize every Filipino competent in both Filipino and English at the national level 3. DECS defines bilingual as â€Å"separate use of Filipino and English as media of instruction in specific subjects.” Early childishness C ar and Development (ECCD)\r\n1. Art 15, instant 2, 1987 Phil. Cons. †recognizes the â€Å"right of children to assistance, including proper care and nutrition, and finical protection from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty, exploitation and other conditions prejudicial to their development.” 2. UN Convention on the Rights of sister\r\n3. Education for All (EFA) agenda of DECS, 1990 see 90% in 2000 of early childhood care and development either home-based services or kindergarten / nursery classes Other issues\r\n1. irritate to pre-school education\r\n2. Private Pre-school e ducation\r\n3. global education\r\n4. Environmental education\r\nThe K to 12 Program\r\nThe K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, tetrad years of junior high school, and devil years of senior high school [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for achievement of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for ordinal education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. The adoption of the program is in response to the need to improve the fight of our country’s graduates as the ten-year basic education cycle is seen as inadequate for work and higher education. In fact, afield Filipino workers are not automatically recognized as professional in other countries that view the ten-year education program as insufficient. The Philippines is the only country in Asia and is one of only three countries in the world with a ten-year basic education cycle.\r\n1. Universal K indergarten Education.\r\n2. Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education.\r\n3. outcome Academic Areas\r\n4. Specializations.\r\nTYPES OF CURRICULUM (PHILIPPINE SETTING)\r\nOvert, explicit, or pen computer programme\r\nIs simply that which is written as vary of clod instruction of crop experiences? It may refer to a course of instruction document, texts, films, and supportive teaching materials that are unconcealedly chosen to support the intentional instructional agenda of a school. Thus, the overt political program is usually confined to those written understandings and directions evening gownly designated and reviewed by administrators, platform directors and teachers, often collectively.\r\nsocietal syllabus\r\nAs defined by Cortes (1981). Cortes defines this course as: the massive, ongoing, informal curriculum of family, peer groups, neighborhoods, churches organizations, occupations, mass, media and other socializing forces that â€Å"educate” all of us th roughout our lives. The inscrutable or covert curriculum\r\nThat which is implied by the very structure and nature of schools, a lot of what revolves around daily or completed routines. Longstreet and Shane (1993) offer a commonly authentic definition for this term. The â€Å"hidden curriculum,” which refers to the kinds of learning’s children derives from the very nature and organizational design of the exoteric school, as well as from the behaviors and attitudes of teachers and administrators.\r\nExamples of the hidden curriculum might include the gists and lessons derived from the mere organization of schools †the emphasis on: sequential room arrangements; the cellular, timed segments of formal instruction; an annual schedule that is still arranged to accommodate an agrarian age; disciplined messages where concentration equates to student behaviors were they are sitting up straight and are continually quiet; students getting in and standing in line tacitu rnly; students quietly raising their hands to be called on; the endless competition for grades, and so on. The hidden curriculum may include both positive or banish messages, depending on the models provided and the persuasions of the learner or the observer.\r\nThe unsubstantial curriculum\r\nThose lessons well-educated through hard-hitting the Internet for in system, or through employ e-forms of communication. (Wilson, 2004) From Eisner’s perspective the null curriculum is simply that which is not taught in schools. Somehow, somewhere, some people are empowered to make conscious decisions as to what is to be include and what is to be excluded from the overt (written)\r\nFrom Eisner’s perspective the null curriculum is simply that which is not taught in schools. Somehow, somewhere, some people are empowered to make conscious decisions as to what is to be included and what is to be excluded from the overt (written curriculum. Since it is physically impossible to teach everything in schools, m some(prenominal) topics and subject areas must be intentionally excluded from the written curriculum. But Eisner’s position on the â€Å"null curriculum” is that when certain subjects or topics are go forth out of the overt curriculum, school force-out department are sending messages to students that certain subject matter and processes are not important affluent to study. Unfortunately, without some level of awareness that at that place is also a well-defined unquestioning agenda in schools, school personnel send this same type of message via the hidden curriculum. Phantom curriculum\r\nThe messages ordinary in and through exposure to any type of media. These components and messages play a study part in the enculturation of students into the dominant meta-culture, or in acculturating students into narrower or generational subcultures. Concomitant curriculum\r\nWhat is taught, or show at home, or those experiences that are part of a family’s experiences, or related experiences sanctioned by the family. (This type of curriculum may be received at church, in the context of religious expression, lessons on values, ethics or morals, molded behaviors, or social experiences based on the family’s preferences.) Rhetorical curriculum\r\nElements from the rhetorical curriculum are comprised from ideas offered by policymakers, school officials, administrators, or politicians. This curriculum may also come from those professionals involved in concept formation and sum changes; or from those educational initiatives resulting from decisions based on national and state reports, public speeches, or from texts critiquing outdated educational practices. The rhetorical curriculum may also come from the publicized works offering updates in pedagogical knowledge. Curriculum-in-use\r\nThe formal curriculum (written or overt) comprises those things in textbooks, and content and concepts in the dominion curriculum guides. However, those â€Å"formal” elements are oftentimes not taught. The curriculum-in-use is the actual curriculum that is delivered and presented by each teacher.\r\nReceived curriculum\r\nThose things that students in reality take out of classroom; those concepts and content that are truly learned and remembered. The internal curriculum Processes, content, knowledge combined with the experiences and realities of the learner to create new knowledge. While educators should be aware of this curriculum, they have little tame over the internal curriculum since it is crotchety to each student. The electronic curriculum\r\nThose lessons learned through searching the Internet for reading, or through using e-forms of communication. (Wilson, 2004) This type of curriculum may be either formal or informal, and inherent lessons may be overt or covert, good or bad, correct or incorrect depending on ones’ views. Students who use the Internet on a regular basis, both for recreational purposes (as in blogs, chatrooms, listserves, through instant messenger on-line conversations, or through personal e-mails) and for look and information, are bombarded with all types of media and messages. Much of this information may be factually correct, informative, or even entertaining or inspirational, but other information may be very incorrect, dated, passive, biased, perverse, or even manipulative.\r\nThe implications for educational practices are that part of the overt curriculum needs to include lessons on how to be wise consumers of information, how to critically appraise the the true and correctness of e-information, as well as the reliability of electronic sources. Also, students need to learn how to be artfully discerning nigh the usefulness and appropriateness of certain types of information. And, same other forms of social interaction, students need to know that there are inherent lessons to be learned about appropriate and unobjectionable â€Å"ne tiquette” and online behavior, to include the differences between â€Å"fair habit” and plagiarism.\r\n'

'Active Euthanasia\r'

'Active euthanasia or physician’s assisted self-annihilation should be legal in the honorable process that the organization, Dignitas performs it. The process in summation, consists of a person who is terminally ill and in excruciating pain, contacting the organization, becoming a penis by fee, and submitting medical documents with diagnosis from a medical professional including those from a therapist, to a Dignitas physician. The elected physician then decides whether or not the member is qualified for active voice euthanasia and a prescription for the dose sodium pentobarbital is written for the affected role/member and administered in Zurich, Switzerland.Any controversy or resistments with the outlined process arise more often than not from misconceptions by the public. Ludwig Minelli, founder of Dignitas states, â€Å"The whole grapple is not in the public field. It is cover by a taboo, and we should speak close to it. ” The topic of Active euthanasia should be further explored and dissected by those who disagree with it. Active euthanasia should be legalized because it gives those in unimaginable pain the chance to halt their hurt, we are exposed to legal substances that already induce death, and the right to life should in addition mean the right to decide when to kibosh that life.When people approach death, they often pay heed to the idea of a peaceful death. Unfortunately, not everyone experiences a peaceful death. It is a hazard of luck in most instances, unless what about in the case of an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient? The person’s proboscis is slowly deteriorating, they lose the ability to speak, swallow, lead their body, and eventually happen. If an ALS patient is death before our eyes, they may count peaceful, plainly how can we be sure they’re not suffering in thoroughgoing(a) agony if they can’t communicate?For people like Craig Ewert, a 59 year old ALS victim, the excerpt of eutha nasia should be on the table. He pleads, â€Å"What may look peaceful from the orthogonal does not necessarily reflect the home(a) mental state of the person. Let’s face it, when you’re completely paralyzed,can’t talk,can’t move your eyes, can’t move your arms, how do you let mortal know you’re suffering? They look at you, and you’re still. And usually, we associate suffering with people kind of rolling near and going â€Å"Ow,ow,ow. ”.. There’s no(prenominal) of that. Gee, it must be peaceful. ”\r\n'