The Decrease Leg Shaking Psychology Essay

The ebb Leg Shaking Psychology EssayAnxiety is a customary emotion, and we all retrieve perplexity in reli adequate situations that ca roles us be anxious. When we be anxious, we would experience forcible symptoms arising in solvent to care ( Ginsburg, Riddle, Davies, 2006 Roth, Antony, Swinson, 1999), much(prenominal) as muscle tension and stomachache which affect our e preciseday lives, cognise as somatic symptoms (Ginsburg et al., 2006). Social anxiety is a ail that hazards when a soulfulness faces a societal situation and reacts in response to concern or distress due to perceptions of inadequacy and low self-worth (Bgels, 2006 Hofmann, 2007 Purdon, Antony, Monterio, Swinson, 2001). This happens to me when I am in certain social situation, I disturb social anxiety that I function to milk shake my legs.For this conduct limiting excogitate, I read chosen to reduction and control my leg-shaking insidengs. It has been b some othering me and it has been c a procedure irritation to certain peck who were and argon in my presence. The operational definition of leg-shaking is that for this course of instructionme, I tested the violence of leg-shaking on my performance during the fourth dimensions when I was sitting down (which was when the leg-shaking demeanor almost always glide byred). I mandatory to know exactly what human body of leg-shaking demeanour I was performing and how I should measure it. I needed to know what type of performance I am suggesting that leg-shaking insidengs affected, and how I should measure that. Furthermore, I needed to know the underlying causes and triggers of my leg-shaking deportment, which I remember is triggered by anxiety that I usually experience, just now non as much as before, in social situations.First and foremost, deportment alteration is defined as a technique of demeanor change that is base on the procedures of the principles of learning psychology to evaluate and determine a persons or any other organisms private and public actions and reactions in order to sanction in improving ones everyday lifestyle (Martin Pear, 2011). Basically, deportment modification is entraped on the concepts of operant conditioning. It is a technique to improve an individuals behavior by ever-changing the way a person acts to a busy situation or stimuli using irresponsible and negative backup. In result, it replaces an undesir up to(p) behavior to a more desirable behavior. there are rules to follow and that are censorious when planning and engaging in a behaviour modification program. These includes rules of much(prenominal) as positive and negative documentation, ratio get a spaciousndum, extinction, shaping, and schedules of supporting (Martin Pear, 2011).The side by side(p) are brief definitions of some of the terms mentioned above Positive reinforcement office that a particular stimulus that is getn on the spot increases the likeliness of a particular response to occur a nonher time (Martin Pear, 2011). interdict reinforcement operator that a particular stimulus is being aloof to increase a particular response or to keep a particular response in a current desired separate (Martin Pear, 2011). Extinction is applied in operant conditioning, and it refers to the process of changing the assert of a l acquire response by ensuring to no semipermanent reinforcing that particular response (Martin Pear, 2011). There are pitfalls that occurs in the process of extinction which I discussed later in this paper. The process of shaping is the reinforcement of change and supreme a learned response through the process of changing that response much closer to desired response, and non exactly (Martin Pear, 2011). In this program, I would be shaping my behaviour by alternating my leg-shaking behaviour to a more desired behaviour, which is sitting down with my feet firmly on the ground without shaking my legs.A schedule of reinforcemen t is a program that determines how and when the frequency of a response happening leave alone be followed by a reinforcer (Martin Pear, 2011). The delivery of a reinforcer could depend on the frequency of a certain number of responses, the passage of time, the presence of certain stimuli, the occurrence of other responses of the animal, or any number of other things occurring (Martin Pear, 2011). There are different schedules of reinforcement, I will discuss very briefly about the important ones that I implemented in this behaviour modification program.One of the different schedules of reinforcement are the schedules of intermittent reinforcement. There are four different schedules of intermittent reinforcement which are differential reinforcement of low rates (abbreviated as DRL), differential reinforcement of zero responding (abbreviated as DRO), differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour (abbreviated as DRI), and differential reinforcement of alternative behaviour ( abbreviated as DRA) (Martin Pear, 2011). In this program, I used the DRO intervention. DRO means that reinforcement nonwithstanding occurs when a particular response does not happen at a time (Martin Pear, 2011). This particular response is being interpolate to another behaviour, and that behaviour would be reinforced instead (Martin Pear, 2011).Another schedule of reinforcement is ratio schedule which is defined as that reinforcement depends only on the number of responses a person or any other living thing has performed (Martin Pear, 2011). Reinforcement that depends on only some of the time are said to involve partial or intermittent reinforcement (Martin Pear, 2011). In breakup schedules, responses are reinforced only if the responses occur afterwards a certain amount of time has passed (Martin Pear, 2011). In fixed detachment schedule (abbreviated FI), the set time is constant from one occasion to the following(a) (Martin Pear, 2011). With a variable interval sch edule (abbreviated VI), responses are reinforced if they occur after a variable interval since the beginning of the schedule daily round (Martin Pear, 2011).These are the rules of psychology of behaviour modification that I employed in the program. Since I applied the intermittent schedule, I did not use the regular schedule as this involves reinforcing a response or a behaviour every time it happens (Martin Pear, 2011).Not some(prenominal) research have been through on the effects of leg-shaking behaviour on an individuals well-being and/or on the effects it may have on other individuals surrounding a person with leg-shaking behaviour. Not only the literature on leg-shaking behaviour is very limited, but case studies centering on the effects of this behaviour and on controlling or modifying the behaviour are limited as well. The following research can be used to identify early frantic and behavioral development, providing an opportunity for treatments for not only individual s my age, but for younger age free radicals as well- particularly in the early stage of emotional and behavioral development that are disruptive such as the leg-shaking behaviour.Bgels (2006) verbalise that individuals with social phobia (also known as social anxiety disorder) tend to have distressing feelings of not being accepted by others who are aware of the sensual symptoms these individuals have. These physical symptoms, such as trembling, which closely relates to my leg-shaking behaviour, that these individuals confront on banknote of distressing and unpleasant thoughts about themselves are causing bafflingies for them and to others or so them (Bgels, 2006). In Bgelss (2006) research, role players with social phobia, and who were within the age group of 17 to 65 were tested for their ability to decrease their tendency of enwrapped to their physical symptoms of anxiety. The purpose of this research was to determine whether if thespians turn their attention to a task -oriented activity called task concentration training, would slighten their anxiety and diminish their physical symptoms of anxiety (Bgels, 2006). The results showed that the experiment was successful as participants diverted attention from their physical symptoms of anxiety to a task-oriented activity. The study of participants who were afraid of exhibiting the physical symptoms of anxiety yield the notion that individuals from a wide range of age group, can modify these types of behaviour by snap on incline. However, it did not show whether individuals under the age of 17 can.In another study, a male participant who was 26 years at that time, and who suffered from mental developmental disability was analyse (LeBlanc, Hagopian, Maglieri, 2000). It was do clear that even though this is a person with a mental developmental disability at adult age, (a person) can accommodate ones behaviour by using or participating in a point economy (LeBlanc et al., 2000). The researchers e mployed the DRO intervals and schedule to reduce this mans socially unacceptable and undesirable behaviours (LeBlanc et al., 2006). The results showed that the treatment was effective as it decreased the occurrence of the participants socially unacceptable behaviour.The problems with LeBlanc et al.s (2000) research were not only there was one participant recruited for this study and that he had developmental disabilities but the behaviour that has been modified had to do with his contradictory social interactions. veritable(a) though this may not just now relates to my topic, I chose for my literature review in research because my leg-shaking behaviour has been alter the way I interact with others who has been noticing this. This may continue to affect me and others if I did not attempt to change this. Thus, this leg-shaking behaviour is considered socially inappropriate. In appurtenance to this note, I also used the same reinforcement in my program.The low purpose of this re search was to investigate whether when a persons leg-shaking behaviour caused by anxiety creates difficulties in ones lifestyle and/or get in the way of others around this person. The second purpose was to investigate whether if and when a person learns how to control and decrease the occurrence of this leg-shaking behaviour by alleviating and improving the internalizing and externalizing state of a person aids in overall well-being and aids in not causing disturbance to others.How I Selected My Target demeanour and Why its confiscate for this AssignmentTwo other behaviours I was considering springing on, but persistent to work on my leg-shaking behavior instead were to increase my piano acting rehearse, and to exercise more. They were appropriate for the assignment, but they were not realistic for me to work on this semester. I am rarely home, therefore the probability of cooking and better food was very slim during the time. However, the probability of exercising during the time was sensibly likely to occur, but I did not perceive this behaviour to be as vital to change as my leg-shaking behavior. I wanted to work to change a behaviour that is not only affecting me and others, but that it is also more simple and more doable to work on during the past months. Moreover, these other two behaviors are both common behaviour that I believe most people use for a upchuck similar to this behaviour modification program. supreme Antecedents of Pre-Program BehaviourThe root of my tog most likely started and had to do with a social situation I was facing when I was very young. I was extremely shy. I had social anxiety. My fear of being in any social situations or interactions made me so nervous that it could be the main trigger of my shaking legs.Pre-Program Behaviour LevelIn this section, I will describe how I observed my behaviour. During the process of this observation, I found that I had familiar thoughts that momentarily garish through my mind. Here my task was to replace these familiar thoughts or self-aggrandizing view habits with good thinking habits. By insideng so, I would create bare-assed thoughts that became my vernal habitual thoughts. These thoughts came from my feelings of anxiety, particularly in social situation or stressed situation. I counted to keep anxiety in check so that it would not encourage my old habitual negative thoughts. The reason is that my habitual thoughts affected the way I saw myself in a portentous way in situation, and still do a little. If I did not change my thinking, my old habitual thoughts will continue to perpetuate my leg-shaking behaviour.Controlling Consequences of Pre-Program BehaviourNot controlling my leg- shaking behaviour is rewarded with being able to only concentrate while studying or listening to lectures or doing other things when sitting down. This allows me to not think about monitoring my leg-shaking always and to freely express my inner feelings of anxiety by letting m y unconscious behaviour takes over. By detaching myself from observing and being mindless of my leg-shaking behaviour raise by feelings of anxiety and overgeneralizing. In psychological terms this process is called positive reinforcement for a behaviour such as leg-shaking. I shake my leg and in issuance get rewarded by getting out-of-door with behaving any way I want when I am feeling anxious, stressed, or nervous. The way positive reinforcement works is that once I get rewarded for my leg-shaking behaviour I am more likely to do it again.My Self-Modification ProgramFor my self-modification program, since I plan on changing my thinking patterns in order to prevent me at least from shaking my legs too a good deal, whence I rewarded myself with a sensible reward. The sensible reward was that once I have controlled my leg-shaking behavior, I could listen to aggrieveony. I had to earn a exclusive right to be able to listen to a song or songs longer as listening to practice o f medicine is very rewarding for me. This applied to the token economy as I was using minutes of listening to music as a reward for not shaking my legs when I am anxious in a social situation.I kept overfly of minutes on a sheet. I started with two hours of listening to music per day. I normally did not listen to 2 hours of music straight, but this was doable. I cannot really hear the music without headphone so I asked one of my family members to take away my headphone from me for the day and then guide it back to me sometime after 10 at night. I at sea a minute of listening to music when I failed to control my leg-shaking behaviour. At the end of the day, I listened to the amount of time I have earned to listen to music provided that I have any minutes left. Whenever I got sidetracked by my work and other distractions, then for every leg-shaking behaviour I do, I subtracted one minute of listening to music.In addition to this note, l laid out a plan, including making notes of th e crucial moments that I was less likely and most likely to shake my legs unconsciously on account of feeling anxious, stressed, or nervous. I prepared for my crucial moments by number to helpful sources of influence, a friend and a family member. Then I planned on beginning deliberate practice by placing myself to a tempt situation. In short, my goal was to experience the desire but not to give in shaking my leg to express my feelings of anxiety outwardly.My Program in ActionThis was the part when I employed deliberate practice particularly practice for crucial moments. I broke the steps into small pieces, and practice each step in short intervals. I also got nimble feedback at times against a clear standard, and evaluated my progress. I learned to be prepare for setbacks and I was also prepared for them some of the times.As mentioned earlier, the limited and measurable behaviour I have been monitoring was to attempt to clear my leg-shaking behaviour. From the start of the pr ogram, I measured the occurrence to anxiety, as well as the glitz and frequency of anxiety as my anxiety have been triggering my leg-shaking behaviour to be present. Moreover, I have been observing and keeping track of my thinking errors that normally preceded my leg-shaking behaviour. I also have been monitoring my improvement in controlling and diminishing my leg-shaking behaviour by engaging in how often I subconsciously performed leg-shaking behaviour and by decreasing the frequency and intensity of my anxiety so that my leg-shaking behaviour will dissolve after the program ends.I have been employing intermittent reinforcement in my program. Continuous reinforcement would not work as I found that I had not always been aware of when I shook my legs in certain situations. The unhoped-for surprise I learned was that I even shook my legs when I was not in social situation. I shook my legs when I worked on my school assignments.Because of this, I started to encounter pitfalls. The pitfalls I have encountered throughout this program were that I frequently thought of excuses to avoid treating my leg-shaking behaviour. At times in class or in any social situation, I furious into my thinking traps and engaged in these thinking patterns which resulted in my habitual leg-shaking behaviour. valuation of My ProgramReferring to the level of the behaviour pre-program and during the program (see Figure 1 in the Appendix), my attempt to decrease my tendency to shake my leg did not work in the beginning of the program due to the effects of delay of reward. simply it did worked later on after the first month I started the program. When it came to the use of reward in the program, the important component in the reward is the interval between the behaviour and the reward. I found that when the delay of receiving reward increased, it did not reward the desired behaviour as much as I wanted it to. Therefore, such delays in receiving rewards was not effective in altering a be haviour. This kind of applied to the use of penalty to decrease a behaviour. If the interval between the undesirable behaviour and punishment is delayed, then the punishment would not be effective in suppressing such behaviour (Martin Pear).Therefore, I should suck up notes that in the future my desired behaviour should be rewarded immediately. If this does not work, then another change I might make is to use punishment instead when I shake my legs.Ending the Program prospective PlansAlthough I am done with the behaviour modification program, I plan on continuing to manage my leg-shaking behaviour, which, again, happens when I get anxious. I will try to slowly stop myself from depending on the program to keep my leg-shaking behaviour under control. I will keep a long-term post to improve my behaviour and to improve myself. I plan on practising not only self control, but self-care as I tend to encounter stress or period of anxiety in the face of difficult situations such as spea king up in class as I am shy. I will help myself feel at ease during periods of stress by attempting to use what I learned from the behaviour techniques and exercises this semester.Even though I will not depend on the exercises and techniques I have applied in my program, I believe I still need regular exposure to anxiety-provoking situations in order to retard in condition. I believe this will help me over the long term to keep myself habituated to the experiences that I learned from in situations I found were and still are a little anxiety-provoking.Discussion and ConclusionWhat I learned from this experience was that my obsessive thoughts and compulsive leg-shaking behaviour did not make sense. These thinking patterns that I fell into when I am nervous, stressed, sad, or dismay were generally believable, and negative, and they made my life more challenging than they needed to be. Even though I did not fully believe my obsessive thoughts, I found that I frequently engaged in my leg-shaking behaviour to get the obsessive thoughts to stop. I overestimated the probability of risk that if something could go wrong, it will go wrong. I am guilty of overgeneralizing things. So I held back many times from putting myself in certain situation that meant no harm to me or anyone, and naturally I slipped into my leg-shaking behaviour.When I triggered one of my old habitual thoughts, I corrected it with the positive one so that these positive thoughts became my new habitual thoughts. Even though I am done with this behavioural modification program for the course, I still need to thoroughly vagabond this fact into my memory whenever my leg-shaking behaviour strikes. This way, I will be able to weave this fact into my conscious control to pull the plug on my tendency to worry and to overgeneralize which triggers leg-shaking behaviour. I know that the more I practice this new behaviour, the more likely I will do it in the future so that I do not return to my former state of leg-shaking behaviour.A higher decrease in behaviour level as shown in the appendix results when I held back from overgeneralizing or from inviting pessimistic thoughts that triggered my leg-shaking in social situation. My new behaviour improved significantly after I was concentrating on changing thought patterns. This supports the notion that focusing on another activity (such as partaking in token economy or that is task-oriented) can aid in decreasing a behaviour that is bothersome (Bgels, 2006 LeBlanc et al., 2000).ReferencesBgels, S. M. (2006). Task concentration training versus applied relaxation, in combination with cognitive therapy, for social phobia patients with fear of blushing, trembling, and sweating. Behaviour investigate and Therapy, 44(8), 1199-1210. doi http//dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.08.010Ginsburg, G. S., Riddle, M. 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